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Does Co-Occurring Anxiety Modulate ADHD-Related Cognitive and Neurophysiological Impairments?
Nicoletta Adamo1, Giorgia Michelini1, Celeste H M Cheung1
1King's College London, UK.
Journal of Attention Disorders
|November 13, 2019
Summary
Anxiety does not significantly alter cognitive impairments in individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ADHD-related differences in cognitive performance persist regardless of anxiety levels.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often exhibit cognitive impairments.
- Anxiety is frequently comorbid with ADHD, potentially influencing cognitive function.
- Previous research indicates impairments in cognitive-electrophysiological and electrodermal processes in ADHD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if anxiety modulates cognitive performance, electrophysiological, and electrodermal processes in individuals with ADHD.
- To determine if controlling for anxiety attenuates ADHD-related differences in cognitive measures.
Main Methods:
- Assessed self-reported anxiety symptoms in 87 adolescents and young adults with ADHD and 169 controls.
- Utilized cognitive-electrophysiological measures for response inhibition, working memory, attention, conflict monitoring, and error processing.
- Measured peripheral arousal during three cognitive tasks.
Main Results:
- Individuals with ADHD reported significantly higher anxiety symptoms than controls.
- Anxiety symptoms were associated with commission errors (response inhibition) only in controls.
- ADHD-related differences in cognitive measures remained significant even after controlling for anxiety.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive impairments in ADHD appear largely independent of anxiety levels.
- Findings suggest limited malleability of ADHD-related cognitive, electrophysiological, and electrodermal impairments by anxiety.
Keywords:
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