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Elemental metabolomics in human cord blood: Method validation and trace element quantification.

Daniel R McKeating1, Joshua J Fisher1, Ping Zhang1

  • 1School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, 9726, Queensland, Australia.

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology : Organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)
|November 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Elemental metabolomics reveals distinct trace element profiles in placental cord blood, aiding in the differentiation of various pregnancy complications. This approach offers new insights into gestational health and disorders.

Keywords:
Cord bloodElemental metabolomicsGestational disordersPregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Trace elements are vital for human health and development.
  • Altered trace element status is linked to pregnancy complications like GDM, PE, FGR, and preterm birth.
  • Elemental metabolomics offers a novel approach to study these gestational disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate elemental profiles in placental cord blood from pregnancies with various complications.
  • To determine if elemental metabolomics can differentiate between control and complicated pregnancies.
  • To identify specific elements or ratios with diagnostic potential for gestational disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous quantification of 68 elements using ICP-MS in 166 placental cord blood samples.
  • Samples were collected from women with control, hypertensive, GDM, PE, FGR, pre-term, and post-term pregnancies.
  • Statistical analysis and ROC curve analysis were employed to assess diagnostic power.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in Mg, P, Cr, Ni, Sr, Mo, I, Au, Pb, and U concentrations were observed across gestational outcomes.
  • Elevated Ni levels were found in hypertensive and post-term pregnancies; higher iodine in post-term.
  • Pb concentrations were lowest in pre-term pregnancies. Specific element ratios (Sn/Pb, Mg/Cr, P/Cu) showed high diagnostic accuracy for differentiating pregnancy groups.

Conclusions:

  • Elemental metabolomics effectively differentiates fetal cord blood samples from pregnancies with various complications.
  • Specific elemental profiles and ratios hold diagnostic potential for gestational disorders.
  • This study provides a foundation for future research utilizing elemental metabolomics in maternal-fetal health.