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Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:

Pneumothorax-I

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats

The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats

Published on: March 8, 2019

Pulmonary carcinoid presenting with persistent pneumothorax.

Kristina Camila Santiago-Naranjo¹, Amro Ilaiwy²

¹Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine at Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA.

BMJ Case Reports

|November 13, 2019

Summary

Recurrent pneumothorax can rarely be caused by lung neuroendocrine tumors (Lung NETs). Surgical management is the preferred treatment for these rare but challenging cases.

Keywords:

endocrine cancer neuroendocrinology pathology respiratory medicine

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pulmonology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Lung neuroendocrine tumors (Lung NETs) are rare pulmonary neoplasms, accounting for 1-2% of adult lung malignancies and 30% of all neuroendocrine tumors.
Incidence of Lung NETs is estimated between 0.2 to 2 per 100,000 individuals annually.
While often asymptomatic, Lung NETs can cause obstructive symptoms due to mass effect.

Observation:

Spontaneous pneumothorax is an uncommon complication of lung neoplasms, occurring in 0.05%-1.4% of all pneumothoraces.
This report details a rare case of recurrent pneumothorax caused by a Lung NET, which did not respond to conservative treatment.

Findings:

The case highlights the diagnostic challenges and the importance of considering rare etiologies for recurrent pneumothorax.
Surgical intervention was deemed necessary and is presented as the primary treatment modality for Lung NETs presenting with such complications.

Implications:

This case underscores the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach in patients with recurrent pneumothorax.
Early surgical consideration may be crucial for effective management of Lung NETs causing complex pulmonary complications.