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Design and validation of a 3D-printed simulator for endoscopic third ventriculostomy
Junhao Zhu1,2, Jin Yang1,2, Chao Tang2
1School of Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 104 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210002, China.
Summary
A new, affordable 3D-printed simulator for endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) training accurately reflects surgeon skill and improves learning efficiency. This low-cost model enhances neurosurgical education by providing a realistic and reusable platform for mastering basic ETV skills.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Medical Simulation
- 3D Printing Technology
Background:
- Neurosurgical education increasingly relies on simulation for skill enhancement.
- High costs of current simulators limit widespread adoption.
- Need for accessible, realistic training tools for procedures like endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV).
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a low-cost, reusable simulator for ETV.
- To assess the simulator's ability to reflect trainee proficiency.
- To evaluate the learning curve associated with the simulator.
Main Methods:
- Constructed a 3D-printed skull model with a patient-specific ventricular system.
- Incorporated a replaceable module for the third ventricular floor.
- Evaluated simulator validity through performance ratings and questionnaires from 39 neurosurgeons.
- Assessed the learning curve with 5 neurosurgical students undergoing 10 training sessions.
Main Results:
- Simulator performance correlated with surgeon experience, indicating skill reflection.
- Trainee scores improved significantly with repeated practice, demonstrating a learning curve.
- High average ratings for the simulator's value (3.15) and overall utility (3.54) on a 4-point scale.
Conclusions:
- The developed 3D-printed simulator is a practical and effective tool for ETV training.
- The model accurately assesses neurosurgeons' ETV procedural skills.
- This low-cost simulator enhances the efficiency of mastering fundamental ETV techniques.
