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Related Concept Videos

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

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Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
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Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

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Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
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Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction01:25

Energy Supply for Muscle Contraction

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Skeletal muscle fibers have the unique ability to switch between rest and contraction states, using different sources of ATP for energy. The contraction cycle and Ca2+ transport back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum for relaxation require significant ATP. However, the ATP reserves in muscle fibers are limited and can only sustain contractions for a few seconds. Additional ATP production becomes necessary for prolonged contractions. As a result, muscle fibers generate ATP through various sources,...
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Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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In Ovo Feeding of Commercial Broiler Eggs: An Accurate and Reproducible Method to Affect Muscle Development and Growth
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Protein Supplementation in Sport: Source, Timing, and Intended Benefits.

Martin Huecker1, Menaka Sarav2, Michelle Pearlman3

  • 1Dept of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 530 S Jackson St C1H17, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. Martin.huecker@louisville.edu.

Current Nutrition Reports
|November 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Protein supplements may offer benefits for athletes with inadequate protein intake, but long-term effects require consideration. Research reviews their effectiveness and optimal usage.

Keywords:
Endurance trainingProteinProtein requirementsProtein sources and timingProtein supplementationResistance trainingSports

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Nutrition
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Protein supplements are widely used, especially in sports, despite a multi-billion dollar market.
  • Many individuals, including athletes, do not meet daily optimal dietary protein requirements.
  • High-protein diets are generally safe for healthy individuals in the short term.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on the utility and effectiveness of protein supplements.
  • To examine the impact of protein source and nutrient timing on outcomes.
  • To provide background on protein supplement use in sports and exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on protein supplements.
  • Analysis of research concerning protein source and nutrient timing.
  • Evaluation of evidence for benefits and potential risks.

Main Results:

  • Some benefits of protein supplements are suggested, particularly for individuals engaged in sports or exercise activities.
  • Objective physiological outcomes may not always correlate with clinically relevant improvements.
  • High protein intake is generally safe for healthy subjects, especially short-term.

Conclusions:

  • Protein supplements can be beneficial for athletes who do not consume adequate protein daily.
  • Athletes should weigh the potential long-term implications of consuming high quantities of protein.
  • Further research may be needed to clarify clinically relevant outcomes and long-term safety.