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A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
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Implications for REDUCE IT in clinical practice.

Vera Bittner1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States of America.

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
|November 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Statin therapy reduces cardiovascular risk, but residual risk persists. Combination therapies, including icosapent ethyl, offer further reduction for high-risk patients, guiding optimal lipid management strategies.

Keywords:
HypertriglyceridemiaPCSK9 inhibitorsStatins

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Statin therapy is a cornerstone for cardiovascular risk reduction but leaves significant residual risk, particularly in high-risk populations.
  • Elevated triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins contribute to residual risk and atherogenesis despite statin use.
  • Emerging therapies address residual cardiovascular risk beyond statin treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of add-on therapies in managing residual cardiovascular risk in patients on statin treatment.
  • To discuss the evidence for icosapent ethyl in reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.
  • To synthesize current data into a decision pathway for combination lipid-lowering therapy in high ASCVD risk patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on statin therapy, add-on lipid-lowering agents (ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors), and icosapent ethyl.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data regarding risk reduction in patients with established ASCVD or type II diabetes mellitus.
  • Synthesis of findings within the framework of current clinical guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors further reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and associated risk.
  • Icosapent ethyl demonstrated significant reduction in ASCVD events in patients with established ASCVD and high-risk type II diabetes mellitus.
  • Combination therapy strategies are crucial for optimizing lipid management and reducing residual risk.

Conclusions:

  • Combination lipid-lowering therapy, including agents like icosapent ethyl, is essential for managing residual ASCVD risk.
  • A structured decision pathway can guide clinicians in selecting appropriate combination therapies for high-risk patients.
  • Further research and guideline updates are needed to optimize treatment strategies for comprehensive cardiovascular risk reduction.