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GIP and the gut-bone axis - Physiological, pathophysiological and potential therapeutic implications.
Signe Stensen1, Lærke Smidt Gasbjerg2, Mads Marstrand Helsted1
1Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
Peptides
|November 13, 2019
Summary
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), a gut hormone, influences bone remodeling. Research highlights GIP
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Bone Biology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- The enteroendocrine-osseous axis, involving gut hormones and bone, is a growing research area.
- Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a key gut hormone regulating glucose metabolism and insulin secretion.
- Emerging evidence suggests GIP plays a significant role in bone remodeling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on the enteroendocrine-osseous axis.
- To specifically focus on the role of GIP in bone remodeling.
- To synthesize findings on GIP's impact on bone formation and resorption.
Main Methods:
- Review of observational and experimental studies.
- Analysis of genetic mutations affecting GIP receptor signaling.
- Examination of studies in rodent and human models.
- Assessment of bone turnover markers.
Main Results:
- Reduced GIP receptor signaling is associated with lower bone mineral density and higher fracture risk.
- GIP administration decreases serum levels of carboxy-terminal type 1 collagen crosslinks, a marker of bone resorption.
- GIP may stimulate bone formation, potentially uncoupling resorption and formation processes.
Conclusions:
- GIP is an important regulator within the enteroendocrine-osseous axis.
- GIP influences both bone resorption and formation, suggesting a dual role in bone metabolism.
- Further research into GIP's mechanisms could offer new therapeutic targets for bone diseases.
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