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Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy
Published on: October 4, 2019
microRNAs: Potential glioblastoma radiosensitizer by targeting radiation-related molecular pathways
Mohammad-Taghi Bahreyni-Toossi1, Elham Dolat2, Hashem Khanbabaei3
1Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract:
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal type of primary brain tumor. Currently, even with optimal and multimodal cancer therapies, the survival rate of GBM patients remains poor. One reason for inadequate response of GBM tumors to radiotherapy is radioresistance (RR). Thus, there is a critical need for new insights about GBM treatment to increase the chance of treatment. microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules that can effectively control GBM radiosensitivity (RS) by affecting radiation-related signal transduction pathways such as apoptosis, proliferation, DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. miRNAs provide new clinical perspectives for developing effective GBM treatments. A growing body of literature has demonstrated that GBM RS can be modified by modulating the expression of miRNAs such as miR-7, miR-10b, miR-124, miR-128, miR-320, miR-21, miR-203, and miR-153. This paper highlights the miRNAs and the underlying molecular mechanisms that are involved in the RS of GBM. Besides highlighting the role of miRNAs in different signaling pathways, we explain the mechanisms that affect RS of GBM for modulating radiation response at the clinical level.
Insights
microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate glioblastoma (GBM) radiosensitivity by influencing key cell pathways. Modulating specific miRNAs offers new therapeutic strategies to improve GBM treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor survival rates despite multimodal therapy.
- Tumor radioresistance (RR) limits the efficacy of radiotherapy in GBM treatment.
- microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of cellular processes involved in GBM radiosensitivity (RS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of miRNAs in modulating GBM radiosensitivity.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA-mediated regulation of GBM RS.
- To explore the clinical potential of targeting miRNAs for enhancing radiation response in GBM.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating miRNAs and GBM radioresistance.
- Analysis of signaling pathways (apoptosis, proliferation, DNA repair, cell cycle) affected by miRNAs in GBM.
- Synthesis of findings on specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-7, miR-10b, miR-124) and their impact on GBM RS.
Main Results:
- Specific miRNAs, including miR-7, miR-10b, miR-124, miR-128, miR-320, miR-21, miR-203, and miR-153, significantly influence GBM radiosensitivity.
- These miRNAs regulate GBM RS by affecting apoptosis, proliferation, DNA repair, and cell cycle.
- Modulating miRNA expression presents a promising strategy to overcome GBM radioresistance.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs are key regulators of glioblastoma radiosensitivity.
- Targeting specific miRNAs can enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy for GBM.
- Further research into miRNA mechanisms holds potential for novel GBM therapeutic strategies.
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