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Lateralization

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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.

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The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

Left-Hemispheric Asymmetry for Object-Based Attention: an ERP Study.

Andrea Orlandi¹, Alice Mado Proverbio¹

¹Neuro-MI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Dept. of Psychology, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy.

|November 14, 2019

Summary

This study reveals that non-spatial object-based visual attention shows a left-hemispheric advantage. Object selection engages specific brain networks, indicated by enhanced selection negativity (SN) and P300 responses.

Keywords:

ERP anterior cingulate cortex hemispheric asymmetry object-based attention selection negativity selective attention swLORETA visual recognition

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Electrophysiology

Background:

Selective attention boosts activity in visual processing regions.
The left hemisphere plays a key role in non-spatial attention to stimulus features.
Left-hemispheric asymmetry is hypothesized for object-based attention.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the time course and neural correlates of object-based attention.
Examine the role of left-hemispheric asymmetry in this process.

Main Methods:

Electrophysiological study with 29 right-handed participants.
Presentation of 3D graphic object images.
Analysis of anterior N2, selection negativity (SN), and P300 components using standardized weighted low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (swLORETA).

Main Results:

Non-target perception elicited a larger anterior N2 (motor inhibition).
Target selection showed enhanced selection negativity (SN) over left occipito-temporal regions.
A larger centro-parietal P300 response indicated categorization.
swLORETA identified a fronto-temporo-limbic network for object-based attention.

Conclusions:

The SN scalp distribution and neural generators suggest a left-hemispheric advantage for non-spatial object-based visual attention.
Object-based attention involves selection and categorization processes supported by a distributed brain network.