Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

685
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
685
Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

39.9K
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
39.9K
Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion01:26

Bacterial Translocation and Protein Secretion

433
Bacterial protein secretion involves translocation systems to ensure proteins reach their designated locations, including the plasma membrane, periplasm, outer membrane, or the external environment. These translocation systems are vital for bacterial physiology, supporting processes like membrane assembly, enzymatic activity in the periplasm, and interactions with the external environment. The division of labor between Sec and Tat pathways ensures efficiency in handling proteins with diverse...
433
Global Regulatory Systems01:28

Global Regulatory Systems

526
Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
526
Transduction01:16

Transduction

1.0K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
1.0K
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

441
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
441

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>Vibrio campbellii</i> encodes a distinct set of type III secretion system effectors that mediate cytotoxicity in eukaryotic host models.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Dual membrane-spanning anti-sigma 2 controls OMV biogenesis and colonization fitness in <i>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</i>.

Journal of bacteriology·2026
Same author

Dual Membrane-spanning Anti-Sigma 2 Controls OMV biogenesis and Colonization Fitness in <i>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Complete genome sequences of <i>Vibrio coralliilyticus</i> strains ATCC BAA-450 and OCN014.

Microbiology resource announcements·2025
Same author

Assessing toxicity and competitive fitness of <i>Vibrio</i> isolates from coastal waters in Israel.

mSphere·2025
Same author

A new class of type VI secretion system effectors can carry two toxic domains and are recognized through the WHIX motif for export.

PLoS biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
08:45

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

Published on: March 20, 2013

16.1K

Type VI secretion system: a modular toolkit for bacterial dominance.

Biswanath Jana1, Dor Salomon1

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.

Future Microbiology
|November 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Bacteria utilize type VI secretion systems (T6SS) to deliver toxins, targeting essential cell components for growth arrest or death. These T6SS effectors offer a promising platform for developing novel antibacterial strategies.

Keywords:
antibacterialbacterial competitioneffectorsecretiontoxintype VI secretion system

More Related Videos

Coincubation Assay for Quantifying Competitive Interactions between Vibrio fischeri Isolates
07:43

Coincubation Assay for Quantifying Competitive Interactions between Vibrio fischeri Isolates

Published on: July 22, 2019

8.6K
Quantification of Interbacterial Competition using Single-Cell Fluorescence Imaging
07:34

Quantification of Interbacterial Competition using Single-Cell Fluorescence Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2021

3.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition
08:45

A Visual Assay to Monitor T6SS-mediated Bacterial Competition

Published on: March 20, 2013

16.1K
Coincubation Assay for Quantifying Competitive Interactions between Vibrio fischeri Isolates
07:43

Coincubation Assay for Quantifying Competitive Interactions between Vibrio fischeri Isolates

Published on: July 22, 2019

8.6K
Quantification of Interbacterial Competition using Single-Cell Fluorescence Imaging
07:34

Quantification of Interbacterial Competition using Single-Cell Fluorescence Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2021

3.7K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Bacteria employ sophisticated secretion systems for interbacterial competition.
  • The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a key mechanism for delivering toxic effectors into competing cells.
  • Effectors target essential cellular processes, leading to growth inhibition or cell death in susceptible bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review antibacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) effectors.
  • To elucidate the diverse activities, delivery mechanisms, and associated protein domains of T6SS effectors.
  • To highlight the potential of T6SS as a source for novel antibacterial therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on T6SS effectors.
  • Comparative analysis of effector functions, delivery modes, and protein interactions.
  • Exploration of the modular nature of T6SS toxin arsenals.

Main Results:

  • T6SS effectors exhibit a wide range of antibacterial activities.
  • Delivery mechanisms are diverse, involving specific T6SS components and accessory proteins.
  • Effectors often possess modular domains, enabling functional versatility.
  • Immunity proteins play a crucial role in self-protection against T6SS toxins.

Conclusions:

  • The type VI secretion system (T6SS) represents a dynamic and adaptable arsenal of antibacterial toxins.
  • Understanding T6SS effector mechanisms provides insights into bacterial competition and evolution.
  • T6SS components and effectors are valuable targets and platforms for the development of new antibacterial treatments.