Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Impact of Groups on Groups01:19

Impact of Groups on Groups

204
Social psychologists analyze how groups influence one another, shaping social structures and interactions through both cooperation and competition. These dynamics manifest in various ways, ranging from economic partnerships to intergroup conflicts that shape societal structures and perceptions.Cooperation and Competition in Intergroup RelationsIntergroup relationships vary across contexts, sometimes fostering cooperation and mutual benefit while at other times leading to conflict and...
204
The Role of Culture01:23

The Role of Culture

309
Culture plays a crucial role in shaping self-identity and influencing thought and behavior, a foundational interest within social psychology. The multicultural perspective recognizes that individuals do not exist in a vacuum; instead, their experiences, perceptions, and actions are deeply influenced by the intersecting dimensions of their cultural, ethnic, and social group affiliations.Cultural Influence on Self-Identity and Social PerceptionCultural frameworks inform how individuals define...
309
Impact of Individuals on a Group01:25

Impact of Individuals on a Group

263
In social psychology, the interplay between individuals and groups is a central concern, particularly regarding how individual actions and characteristics influence group processes and outcomes. While much research emphasizes the group's power in shaping individual behavior, it is equally significant to understand how individuals contribute to the functioning, development, and success of groups.Individual Roles in Group Productivity and Decision-MakingIndividuals are not passive participants in...
263
Causes of Social Behavior III: Biological and Environmental Influences01:28

Causes of Social Behavior III: Biological and Environmental Influences

194
Social behavior is a complex phenomenon that arises from the interaction between biological predispositions and environmental influences. This intricate interplay shapes how individuals think, feel, and act in various social contexts. Understanding these mechanisms requires insights from psychology, neuroscience, genetics, and evolutionary theory.Environmental Influences on Social BehaviorEnvironmental factors, including temperature, odors, and visual stimuli, play a crucial role in shaping...
194
Impact of Groups on Individuals01:28

Impact of Groups on Individuals

270
Groups play a fundamental role in shaping individual behavior, as they establish norms that guide interactions and decision-making. Social psychology examines how individuals conform to group expectations, often adjusting their attitudes and actions to align with group norms. These norms can be formal, such as workplace policies, or informal, such as unspoken social expectations within a fraternity.Conformity and Social InfluenceConformity arises when individuals modify their behaviors or...
270
In- and Out-Groups01:31

In- and Out-Groups

42.9K
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
42.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Despotism promotes dyadic cooperation through enhanced interdependencies in non-human primate societies.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Social structure as a form of collective intelligence: a new framework.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

EVApeCognition: An 18-Year Dataset of Great Ape Cognition.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Chimpanzees are not more aggressive than bonobos but target sexes differently.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Beyond the Lab: Cognitive Neuroscience in Real-World Contexts.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science·2026
Same author

The physics of sociality: Investigating patterns of social resource distribution among the <i>Pan</i> species.

iScience·2025
Same journal

Cat colonies reshape the abundance and body size of lizards.

Biology letters·2026
Same journal

Visual signal dynamicity shapes detectability in the wild: an experiment with a mate-searching butterfly.

Biology letters·2026
Same journal

Transient marine species disproportionately expand the morphospace of North American continental freshwater fishes.

Biology letters·2026
Same journal

An unrecognized fine-scale host-plant adaptation in a leaf miner: correct dorsoventral egg orientation is essential for successful leaf entry.

Biology letters·2026
Same journal

Alpine adaptation drives rapid colour evolution in a Batesian mimic.

Biology letters·2026
Same journal

Song but not colour divergence constrains hybridization in birds.

Biology letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.1K

Why intergroup variation matters for understanding behaviour.

Stephan P Kaufhold1, Edwin J C van Leeuwen2,3,4

  • 1Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.

Biology Letters
|November 14, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intergroup variation (IGV) in behavior is crucial for understanding evolutionary origins. Researchers should consider IGV as an explanatory variable in studies of animal behavior and socio-cognition.

Keywords:
chimpanzeesculturegroup differencesintergroup variationspecies-typical behaviour

More Related Videos

Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice
07:38

Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice

Published on: September 20, 2024

2.1K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

12.1K
Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice
07:38

Strategies for Assessing Autistic-Like Behaviors in Mice

Published on: September 20, 2024

2.1K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.7K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Evolutionary Psychology
  • Primatology

Background:

  • Intergroup variation (IGV) describes differences between groups of the same species.
  • IGV's role in behavioral evolution, particularly in great apes, is often overlooked.
  • Inconsistent findings in chimpanzee behavior studies may stem from unacknowledged IGV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of IGV in understanding the evolutionary origins of socio-cognition.
  • To argue for the explicit consideration of IGV as an explanatory variable in animal behavior research.
  • To provide guidelines for incorporating IGV assessment in future studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing research on chimpanzee behavior.
  • Extrapolation of findings from chimpanzees to broader principles for group-living animals.
  • Conceptual framework emphasizing IGV's impact on behavioral research.

Main Results:

  • IGV can plausibly explain inconsistencies in experimental findings across different chimpanzee groups.
  • Accurate assessment of species' behavior across contexts requires estimating intraspecific variation.
  • The increasing identification of non-human animal cultures supports the expectation of behavioral IGV.

Conclusions:

  • Explicitly considering IGV is essential for robustly understanding the socio-cognitive and evolutionary determinants of behavior.
  • Future research on group-living animals should incorporate IGV to avoid biased interpretations.
  • Acknowledging IGV enhances the accuracy of studies on behavioral evolution and socio-cognition.