Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinsons Disease in Nepal

Background Parkinsons disease is a central nervous system degenerative disorder affecting motor system and characterized by progressive tremor, rigidity, gait abnormalities. Surgical treatment of Parkinsons disease is based on the changes in the basal gangliothalamocortical circuits which is altered in Parkinsons disease. Currently pallidotomy and Deep Brain Stimulation are available modes of surgical treatment of Parkinsons disease. Objective To know efficacy of deep brain stimulation in Parkinsons Disease in Nepal. Method All patients of idiopathic Parkinsons disease who underwent Deep Brain Stimulation in Annapurna Neurological Institute and Allied sciences since 2014 were included. The standard functional coordinates for Subthalamic nucleus and Globus pallidus internus was used. We used Zamarano-Dujovny (ZD) Fisher Frame with its software. Patients' Unified Parkinsons disease rating score, Modified Hoehn and Yahr Staging and Schwab and England Activities of daily living Scale were evaluated preoperativelyv as well as postoperatively. Result Ten patients underwent Deep Brain Stimulation. The male is to female ratio was 2:1. The mean age was 55.4±8.9 years and duration of illness was 5.5±2 years. There was a significant improvement in the scores for the main motor manifestations of the disease between the preoperative off-dopa and postoperative off-dopa/on-stim conditions. There was a significant improvement in Schwab and England Activities of daily living scale scores in the off-dopa condition between the preoperative score and the postoperative M6 score. Conclusion Our result of Deep Brain Stimulation is quite promising. However, it is very expensive and requires frequent follow-up for neuromodulation.