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Allergic Reactions

Allergic Reactions

Hand hygiene

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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

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Masking and Demasking Agents

Masking and Demasking Agents

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Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

Chlorhexidine: a hidden life-threatening allergen.

Mara Fernandes^1,2, Tatiana Lourenço¹, Anabela Lopes¹

¹Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte EPE, Portugal.

Asia Pacific Allergy

|November 14, 2019

Summary

Anaphylaxis to chlorhexidine, a common antiseptic, can be life-threatening. This study highlights increasing cases of chlorhexidine allergy, emphasizing prompt diagnosis and patient history for allergic reactions to disinfectants.

Keywords:

Allergy Anaphylaxis Chlorhexidine

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Published on: November 1, 2013

Area of Science:

Medical Microbiology
Clinical Immunology
Patient Safety

Background:

Chlorhexidine is a widely utilized antiseptic and disinfectant in healthcare.
Anaphylaxis to chlorhexidine, though rare, presents a significant life-threatening risk.
Emerging epidemiologic data indicate a rise in reported chlorhexidine allergy cases.

Observation:

A case of life-threatening anaphylactic shock with cardiorespiratory arrest during urethral catheterization due to chlorhexidine is presented.
A literature review of PubMed (2014-2018) identified an increasing global incidence of anaphylaxis reports linked to chlorhexidine.

Findings:

The incidence of reported anaphylactic reactions to chlorhexidine has risen globally.
Anaphylaxis can manifest as severe cardiorespiratory compromise.

Implications:

Healthcare providers must be vigilant for potential chlorhexidine allergies.
Thorough patient history (anamnesis) and diagnostic evaluation are crucial for managing suspected disinfectant allergies.
Increased awareness and diagnostic protocols are needed to address the rising trend of chlorhexidine-induced anaphylaxis.