Identification and characterisation of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) associated factor 3 from Nile tilapia,...

In this study, we cloned the complementary (c)DNA sequences of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3 (traf3) in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The expression patterns of the traf3 gene were investigated and preliminary functional analyses were performed. In healthy fish, traf3 transcript was broadly expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression level in the blood and the lowest in the liver. The traf3 gene reached its highest expression at 8 days post-fertilisation (dpf) during embryonic development. Moreover, we found that expression of traf3 was clearly altered following stimulation with Streptococcus agalactiae in vivo and that traf3 could be induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), Poly I: C and S. agalactiae WC1535 in Nile tilapia macrophages. Overexpression in 293T cells showed that Traf3 protein was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and could significantly increase nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation. Taken together, these results implied that traf3 could play important roles in the immune response to pathogen invasion.