Sigmoid colon cancer presenting as complete prolapse

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Colorectal Surgery
• Oncology

Background:

• The co-occurrence of rectal prolapse and colorectal cancer is infrequent, with limited existing literature.
• The causal relationship between colorectal cancer and rectal prolapse remains uncertain.

Observation:

• A 77-year-old male presented with complete rectal prolapse and a palpable rectal mass.
• Anterior resection was performed, revealing mucinous adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon.

Findings:

• The patient experienced an uneventful postoperative recovery.
• This case highlights a rare association between rectal prolapse and colorectal cancer.

Implications:

• Chronic irritation and altered bowel habits in rectal prolapse may predispose to colorectal cancer.
• Endoscopic screening is recommended for patients with rectal prolapse, particularly in older age groups.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the link between rectal prolapse and colorectal cancer development.