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Frequency-Diverse Computational Direction of Arrival Estimation Technique.

Okan Yurduseven1, Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi2, Thomas Fromenteze3

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This study introduces a novel frequency-diverse method for direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in 5G channel sounding. The technique simplifies hardware by using a single antenna for high-fidelity DoA detection of multiple signals.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Wireless Communications

Background:

  • Millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies are crucial for 5G, necessitating efficient channel sounding techniques.
  • Accurate direction of arrival (DoA) estimation is vital for beamforming and spatial multiplexing in 5G systems.
  • Traditional DoA methods often require complex antenna arrays, increasing hardware cost and complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simplified DoA estimation technique for mmW 5G channel sounding.
  • To leverage frequency diversity to reduce hardware requirements for DoA estimation.
  • To achieve high-fidelity and multi-source DoA detection with a single antenna.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing frequency-diversity to create spatially incoherent radiation masks.
  • Encoding incident plane-wave signals using a single antenna and frequency sweeps.
  • Applying Fourier transform to retrieved plane-wave projection patterns for spatial information retrieval.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated high-fidelity DoA estimations using a simple Fourier transform.
  • Achieved DoA estimation through a single frequency sweep, compressing signals into one channel.
  • Confirmed the capability of simultaneous multi-source DoA detection with diffraction-limited resolution.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed frequency-diverse technique significantly simplifies mmW 5G channel sounding hardware by enabling single-antenna DoA estimation.
  • This method offers a cost-effective and efficient solution for accurate DoA determination in 5G systems.
  • The technique provides a robust approach for identifying multiple signal sources simultaneously.