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Functionalization of wool fabric using lignin biomolecules extracted from groundnut shells.

Surya Bhushan1, Ankit Kumar1, Nagender Singh1

  • 1Dept. of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|November 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Groundnut shell lignin (GSL) was extracted and applied to wool fabrics using metallic mordants. This innovative approach created value-added wool with enhanced antioxidant, antibacterial, and UV protection properties.

Keywords:
AntibacterialAntioxidantGroundnut shell ligninWool

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Textile Chemistry
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Agro-industrial waste, such as groundnut shells, is rich in lignin, a valuable biomacromolecule.
  • Efficient waste management and valorization are crucial for sustainable industries.
  • Lignin's potential for functionalizing textiles remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extraction of lignin biomolecules from groundnut shells.
  • To explore the application of extracted lignin for value-addition to wool fabrics.
  • To evaluate the functional properties of lignin-treated wool.

Main Methods:

  • Lignin extraction from groundnut shells.
  • Application of groundnut shell lignin (GSL) onto wool fabrics using metallic mordants.
  • Analysis of fabric appearance via reflectance spectroscopy.
  • Evaluation of functional properties: antioxidant, antibacterial, and UV protection.
  • Thermal stability assessment using thermogravimetric analysis.

Main Results:

  • Functionalized wool fabrics exhibited diverse shades based on GSL and mordant combinations.
  • Treated fabrics demonstrated significant antioxidant activity (69.5-84.5%).
  • Substantial antibacterial activity (79.7-86.3%) was observed.
  • Excellent UV protection was achieved, with UPF ratings of 50+.
  • Enhanced thermal stability of the functionalized wool fabrics.

Conclusions:

  • Groundnut shell lignin can be effectively utilized for wool fabric functionalization.
  • Metallic mordants ensure wash-fast attachment of lignin, imparting valuable properties.
  • This method offers a sustainable route for waste valorization and high-performance textile development.