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Unintentional child injury in child welfare placements
Jesse J Helton1, Nancy L Weaver1
1College of Public Health and Social Justice, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Insights
Children with behavioral problems face higher unintentional injury risks, but this risk decreases in foster care and kinship placements. Further research is needed to understand injury factors in child welfare.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Child Welfare
- Public Health
Background:
- Child welfare professionals protect children from intentional and unintentional injuries.
- Little is known about unintentional injury prevalence and risk factors across different child welfare placement types.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine factors associated with unintentional child injury requiring medical attention.
- Investigate the role of child welfare placement type, child behavioral problems, caregiver characteristics, and neighborhood factors in unintentional injuries.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II) waves 2 and 3.
- Analyzed stable child welfare placements including biological, reunified, adopted, licensed/unlicensed kin, and foster homes.
- Employed logistic regression to model injury risk, controlling for covariates and examining interaction effects with child behavior.
Main Results:
- Children with more behavioral problems had higher odds of injury (OR=1.05, p<.01).
- However, children with behavioral problems showed decreased injury odds in unlicensed kin (OR=.91, p<.05), licensed kin (OR=.92, p<.001), and foster care (OR=.92, p<.001) placements compared to biological homes.
Conclusions:
- Absence of behavioral problems was linked to higher injury risk for children in foster care.
- Further research is essential to elucidate injury types, prevalence, and specific risk factors within child welfare settings.
Background:
Child welfare professionals are charged with protecting children from non-accidental caregiving behaviors resulting in intentional injuries as well as environmental risks and parenting behaviors resulting in unintentional injuries. Yet little is known about unintentional injury prevalence and risk factors by child welfare placement type.
Objective:
To examine factors related to unintentional child injury requiring medical attention, including child welfare placement type, child behavioral problems, caregiver characteristics, and neighborhood factors.
Methods:
Data from the second and third wave of the 2010 National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II) were used. Stable child welfare placements between waves 2 and 3 included investigated biological, reunified, adopted, licensed and unlicensed kin, and nonkin foster homes. Logistic regression analysis modeled injury as a function of placement type while controlling for other covariates. Interaction effects between placement and child behavioral scores were also modeled.
Results:
Children with more behavioral problems were at greater odds of an injury (OR = 1.05, p < .01) compared to children with fewer behavioral problems. However, interaction models showed that children with more behavioral problems were at decreased odds of injury if living with unlicensed kin (OR = .91, p < .05), licensed kin (OR = .92, p < .001), or foster care (OR = .92, p < .001) compared to biological homes.
Conclusion:
The absence of a behavioral problem was associated with higher risk of injury for children placed in foster care. More research is needed to better understand injury type, prevalence and specific risk factors.
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