Systemic drugs with impact on osteoarthritis

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Science
• Orthopedics
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Articular cartilage is vital for joint function, possessing complex structure and metabolism.
• Cartilage lesions can impair joint movement and health.
• Systemic pharmacological agents are explored for their potential to enhance cartilage repair.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review systemic agents that may impact articular cartilage repair.
• To differentiate between agents with proven clinical efficacy and those requiring further study.
• To identify systemic drugs that may impede cartilage healing.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical trials and preclinical studies.
• Analysis of systemic drugs and supplements investigated for cartilage repair.
• Categorization of agents based on their effects on cartilage lesions.

Main Results:

• Alendronate, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, collagen hydrolysate, vitamins C and D, aspirin, and strontium ranelate demonstrated positive clinical results.
• Calcitonin, risedronate, doxycycline, and celecoxib failed to slow cartilage lesion progression in trials.
• Numerous agents (e.g., teriparatide, zoledronic acid, atorvastatin, omega-3 fatty acid, resveratrol) show preclinical promise but need clinical validation.
• Novel molecules like licofelone, sclerostin, and various growth factors exhibit potential for cartilage healing.
• Corticosteroids, vitamin A, and fluoroquinolones are identified as systemic drugs that impair cartilage healing.

Conclusions:

• Systemic administration of certain pharmacological agents can positively influence cartilage repair.
• Clinical evidence supports the use of specific supplements and drugs for cartilage lesions.
• Further clinical trials are essential to confirm the efficacy of many promising agents.
• Identifying and avoiding systemic drugs that hinder cartilage healing is crucial for joint health management.