A model for the nonlinear elastic response of large arteries

The nonlinear elastic response of large arteries subjected to finite deformations due to action of biaxial principal stresses, is described by simple constitutive equations. Generalized measures of strain and stress are introduced to account for material nonlinearity. This also ensures the existence of a strain energy density function. The orthotropic elastic response is described via quasi-linear relations between strains and stresses. One nonlinear parameter which defines the measures of strain and stress, and three elastic moduli are assumed to be constants. The lateral strain parameters (equivalent to Poisson's ratios in infinitesimal deformations) are deformation dependent. This dependence is defined by empirical relations developed via the incompressibility condition, and by the introduction of a fifth material parameter. The resulting constitutive model compares well with biaxial experimental data of canine carotid arteries.