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The Risk Factors for Undiagnosed and Known Hypertension among Malaysians

Ooi Wei Lim1, Chen Chen Yong2

  • 1Malaysia Foundation Programme, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia.

The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences : MJMS
|November 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Obesity, current drinking, and older age significantly increase the risk of undiagnosed hypertension. These findings highlight key factors for hypertension prevention and management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Hypertension prevalence is driven by both diagnosed and undiagnosed cases.
  • Understanding risk factors is crucial for effective hypertension control.
  • Modifiable and non-modifiable factors influence hypertension outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension.
  • To estimate odds ratios for different hypertension outcomes.
  • To identify predictors of undiagnosed and known hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized secondary data from the Fourth National Health of Morbidity Survey (NHMS IV) in Malaysia (2011).
  • Included 24,632 non-institutionalized individuals.
  • Employed multinomial logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals.

Main Results:

  • Obesity and overweight status were linked to higher odds of both diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension.
  • Physical inactivity, ex-smoking, and unclassified drinking increased odds of known hypertension.
  • Older age, lower education, and current drinking were associated with higher odds of undiagnosed hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity, overweight, current drinking, older age (>65), and primary education are significant predictors of undiagnosed hypertension.
  • These factors represent key targets for public health interventions.
  • Further research can refine hypertension management strategies based on these predictors.
Abstract

Keywords:
known hypertensionmodifiable risk factorsnon-modifiable risk factorsundiagnosed hypertension

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