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Related Concept Videos

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation01:24

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During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
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Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

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Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
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PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
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Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State01:18

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The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
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Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding: Patient-Related Factors01:29

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Protein-drug binding, a pivotal aspect of pharmacokinetics, is subject to considerable variability influenced by an array of patient-related factors. The intricate interplay of age, individual differences, and pathological conditions significantly impact the binding dynamics and subsequent pharmacological effects.
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Lipid Supplementation for Longevity and Gene Transcriptional Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Protein Quantity and Source, Fasting-Mimicking Diets, and Longevity.

Sebastian Brandhorst1, Valter D Longo1,2

  • 1Longevity Institute, School of Gerontology, and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|November 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dietary interventions like protein restriction and fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) show promise for longevity and aging-related disease prevention. Periodic FMDs offer benefits with better adherence than chronic restriction.

Keywords:
fasting-mimicking diethealthspanlongevityprotein intakeprotein source

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Dietary modifications impact longevity and aging-related diseases like cancer and diabetes.
  • Protein restriction generally improves healthspan and lifespan, but chronic adherence is challenging.
  • Fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) offer periodic benefits, potentially mitigating chronic restriction drawbacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on protein restriction's effects on health and longevity in model organisms.
  • To discuss the implementation and effects of FMDs in mice and human clinical trials.
  • To analyze FMDs' impact on biomarkers of healthy aging, considering sex differences.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on protein restriction and FMDs in aging.
  • Analysis of data from model organisms (rodents, primates) and human clinical trials.
  • Inclusion of sex-specific data in the analysis of aging and diet.

Main Results:

  • Protein restriction and FMDs show potential for disease prevention and delaying aging.
  • FMDs may promote health benefits and stimulate stem cell regeneration.
  • Research in primates and humans is less extensive than in rodents.

Conclusions:

  • Periodic FMDs combined with protein restriction may be a viable strategy for healthspan extension.
  • FMDs offer a promising approach to harness dietary interventions' benefits with improved adherence.
  • Further research in humans and primates is needed to fully understand FMDs' long-term effects and sex-specific impacts.