Targeted and Untargeted Proteomics Approaches in Biomarker Development

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

• Extensive research focuses on biomarker discovery and validation.
• Proteomics is increasingly vital for identifying novel biomarkers post-human genome completion.

Purpose of the Study:

• Review key factors for successful biomarker development.
• Apply these factors to proteomic biomarker research.
• Discuss challenges and future directions for MS-based proteomics in clinical settings.

Main Methods:

• Systematic screening of published articles on MS-based proteomics for biomarker development.
• Analysis of targeted versus untargeted proteomic approaches.

Main Results:

• Both targeted and untargeted proteomic technologies are employed in biomarker development.
• A significant gap exists as most studies do not combine these approaches.
• The "fit-for-purpose" strategy is crucial for effective biomarker development.

Conclusions:

• Integrating untargeted proteomics for discovery and targeted proteomics for validation is recommended.
• Addressing technical challenges is essential for translating proteomic biomarkers into clinical practice.
• Mass spectrometry (MS) holds potential to enhance, complement, or replace existing clinical assays.