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  • 1Division of Pediatric Emergency, Critical Care, Pulmonology and Allergic Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Neeraj Gupta, Consultant, Division of Pediatric Emergency, Critical Care, Pulmonology and Allergic Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi 110060, India. drneeraj1979@gmail.com.

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Childhood allergies create significant burdens. This review examines allergy testing methods in India, emphasizing individualized approaches based on clinical needs and cost-effectiveness for accurate diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy diagnostics
  • Clinical immunology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Childhood allergies present substantial economic and quality-of-life challenges.
  • Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a long-standing allergy marker, but over-the-counter tests cause confusion.
  • Caregiver education is crucial for navigating allergy testing options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of allergy testing in the Indian context.
  • To discuss various in-vitro and in-vivo diagnostic methods for allergy detection.
  • To provide guidance on selecting appropriate allergy tests.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on allergy diagnostic modalities.
  • Analysis of the utility of skin prick tests for aero-allergies.
  • Evaluation of oral challenge tests for suspected food allergies.

Main Results:

  • Diverse in-vitro and in-vivo allergy tests are available in India.
  • Skin prick tests are effective for identifying environmental allergies.
  • Oral challenge tests are the gold standard for diagnosing food allergies.

Conclusions:

  • Allergy testing requires a personalized approach.
  • Selection criteria include clinical presentation, diagnostic accuracy, and cost-benefit analysis.
  • Optimizing allergy diagnosis in India necessitates tailored strategies.