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Functional microbiome deficits associated with ageing: Chronological age threshold.

Susana Ruiz-Ruiz1,2, Sergio Sanchez-Carrillo3, Sergio Ciordia4

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Aging Cell
|November 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Gut microbiota function declines with age, particularly tryptophan and indole metabolism. A significant decrease occurs between ages 34-54, suggesting early dietary interventions for healthy aging.

Keywords:
ageingindolemetabolomicsmicrobiomeproteomicstryptophan

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gerontology
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Gut microbiota composition shifts with aging.
  • The functional consequences and progression of these age-related changes remain unclear.
  • Understanding these deficits may inform strategies for healthy aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate age-associated changes in gut microbiota function and metabolism.
  • To identify potential age thresholds for functional deficits.
  • To explore dietary interventions for healthy aging.

Main Methods:

  • Shotgun proteomics was employed to analyze gut microbiota and metabolic functions.
  • Three age groups (infants, adults, elderly) of healthy volunteers were studied.
  • Samples were collected over time for validation.

Main Results:

  • Gut bacteria diversity and protein synthesis increased with age.
  • A significant, progressive decline in tryptophan and indole metabolism was observed with aging (p < 2.8e-8).
  • A 50% decrease in these metabolites was noted between 11-31 years, and >90% reduction from 34-54 years.

Conclusions:

  • Ageing is associated with progressive deficits in gut microbiota function, specifically tryptophan and indole metabolism.
  • Dietary interventions targeting tryptophan deficits are recommended from middle age (34 years) onwards, especially for the elderly, to promote healthy aging.