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Nitric Oxide and Biological Mediators in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Asthma

Valentina Agnese Ferraro1, Stefania Zanconato1, Eugenio Baraldi1

  • 1Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padova, via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|November 17, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Non-invasive biomarkers like nasal nitric oxide (nNO) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (feNO) for asthma show promise. Further research is needed for other mediators in pediatric airway diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • The unified airway theory suggests a link between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma.
  • Inflammation in these coexisting conditions can be assessed using biomarkers.
  • Understanding these biomarkers is crucial for pediatric respiratory health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biological mediators studied in pediatric CRS and asthma.
  • To report their potential roles in diagnosis and management.
  • To highlight the current state of biomarker research in these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on biomarkers in pediatric CRS and asthma.
  • Focused discussion on nasal nitric oxide (nNO), pendrin, and periostin for CRS.
  • Analysis of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (feNO), periostin, exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for asthma.

Main Results:

  • Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) shows significant potential for CRS diagnosis and management.
  • Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (feNO) is highlighted as a key biomarker for asthma.
  • Periostin, EBC, and VOCs are identified as promising but require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive biomarkers nNO (for CRS) and feNO (for asthma) appear most informative.
  • Additional research is necessary to validate other biological mediators for clinical application.
  • Biomarker discovery continues to advance the understanding of unified airway diseases.
Abstract

Keywords:
biological mediatorsnitric oxidepediatric asthmapediatric rhinosinusitis

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