A Photoelectrochemical Sensor Based on Anodic TiO₂ for Glucose Determination

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Glucose detection is crucial for managing diabetes.
• Existing methods can be slow or lack sensitivity.
• Development of rapid, sensitive, and stable glucose sensors is ongoing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simple and effective photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for glucose detection.
• To utilize non-modified nanostructured anodic TiO2 for enhanced sensor performance.
• To evaluate the sensor's sensitivity, response time, stability, and selectivity.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of nanostructured anodic TiO2 layers via a three-step anodization process.
• Utilizing the TiO2 sensor in a photoelectrochemical setup for glucose oxidation detection.
• Applying different potentials (0.2, 0.5, 1 V vs. SCE) to optimize sensor response.
• Testing sensor performance with standard solutions and real-life samples (intravenous glucose solution).

Main Results:

• The TiO2-based PEC sensor demonstrated a photoelectrochemical response to glucose oxidation.
• Two linear ranges were observed in calibration plots with high sensitivity (up to 0.237 µA µmol⁻¹ cm⁻²).
• Achieved a low limit of detection (7.8 mM) and a fast response time (~3 s) at 0.5 V vs. SCE.
• Exhibited good reproducibility, long-term stability due to self-cleaning properties, and selectivity against urea and uric acid.

Conclusions:

• The developed non-modified nanostructured anodic TiO2 PEC sensor is a viable tool for rapid and sensitive glucose detection.
• The sensor's performance, including sensitivity, speed, stability, and selectivity, makes it suitable for practical applications.
• Successful analysis of intravenous glucose solutions validates the sensor's potential for real-life sample monitoring.