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Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

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The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
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In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
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Comparative Sacral Morphology in Spondylolisthesis Patients.

M Timothy Hresko1, David G Deckey2, Emily Hinchcliff3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Spine Deformity
|November 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sacroiliac (SI) joints in spondylolisthesis patients are oriented more sagittally than in controls. These anatomical differences, particularly in the sagittal plane, are key findings for surgical and rehabilitation strategies.

Keywords:
PelvisSacral morphologySacrumSpondylolisthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Spine anatomy and biomechanics
  • Radiology and medical imaging

Background:

  • Spondylolisthesis patients exhibit known sagittal plane anatomical differences compared to asymptomatic individuals.
  • Coronal and axial plane variations in spondylolisthesis remain less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare sacral morphology in spondylolisthesis patients versus asymptomatic controls.
  • To investigate differences in coronal and axial spinal planes between these cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of lumbosacral spine MRI scans from 29 spondylolisthesis patients and 154 controls.
  • Measurement of linear and angular positions of L5 and sacrum in sagittal, coronal, and axial planes.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for association quantification.

Main Results:

  • Sacroiliac (SI) joint angles were closer to the sagittal plane in spondylolisthesis patients (109°) than controls (121°).
  • A larger ratio of L5 anteroposterior width to sacral end plate width was observed in high-grade spondylolisthesis.
  • Increased S1-S2 and S2-S3 kyphosis was noted in the spondylolisthesis cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with spondylolisthesis demonstrate SI joints oriented more sagittally compared to controls.
  • Understanding this SI joint orientation is crucial for surgical implant placement and rehabilitation of hip extensor weakness.
  • Significant anatomical variations were primarily identified in the sagittal plane.