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Published on: February 23, 2024
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Lower Extremity Burns, Complications, and Outcome.
Mahnoush Momeni1, Shahnam Sediegh-Marufi2, Roya Safari-Faramani3
1General Surgery, Motahary Hospital, School of Medicine, Burn Research Center.
Summary
Lower extremity burns significantly increase mortality risk, especially with larger burn surface areas (BSA). Age and increased length of stay (LOS) also elevate death rates in burn patients.
Area of Science:
- Burn injury research
- Trauma surgery
- Critical care medicine
Background:
- Lower extremity burns are frequently associated with adverse outcomes in burn patients.
- Understanding risk factors for mortality is crucial for improving patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of lower extremity burns and associated factors on mortality in a large cohort of burn patients.
- To identify demographic, burn-specific, and treatment-related factors influencing patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study analyzing data from 14,215 burn patients over two years.
- Data collected included demographics, burn characteristics (TBSA, lower extremity BSA, foot burn), treatment delays, comorbidities, and outcomes (LOS, amputation, mortality).
- Statistical analysis performed using SPSS 21 to determine factors influencing mortality risk.
Main Results:
- Patients with 10-19% TBSA had 3x higher mortality risk; those with 20-29% TBSA had 35x higher risk compared to 0-9% TBSA.
- Increased age, higher lower extremity BSA, and longer length of stay (LOS) were significantly associated with increased mortality.
- Delay in treatment, comorbidities (including diabetes), sex, and weight did not significantly influence mortality risk.
Conclusions:
- Lower extremity burn surface area (BSA), total burn surface area (TBSA), patient age, and length of stay (LOS) are critical determinants of mortality in burn patients.
- Early and effective management of lower extremity burns is essential to mitigate adverse outcomes.
- Further research should focus on specific interventions to reduce mortality associated with severe lower extremity burns.
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