Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

15.8K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
15.8K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.0K
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

15.7K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
15.7K
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

61.3K
Overview
61.3K
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

7.2K
The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
7.2K
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

414
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
414

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Emerging CSF and Serum Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis: Cytokines, MOG, GFAP, and Beyond.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

[Neurology : what's new in 2025].

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

Serum GFAP as a biomarker for progression in multiple sclerosis: assay comparison and a large reference database of healthy controls.

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine·2025
Same author

Chemotherapy-driven intestinal dysbiosis and indole-3-propionic acid rewire myelopoiesis to promote a metastasis-refractory state.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

GFAP and NfL as predictors of disease progression and relapse activity in fingolimod-treated multiple sclerosis.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2025
Same author

Biomarker discovery using NUcleic Acid-Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay in multiple sclerosis patients experiencing progression independent of relapse activity.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

12.7K

Resolution of inflammation during multiple sclerosis.

F Ruiz1, S Vigne1, C Pot2

  • 1Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Center and Service of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.

Seminars in Immunopathology
|November 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis involves CNS inflammation. This review explores how immune cells and therapies aid inflammation resolution, crucial for managing this autoimmune disease.

Keywords:
AstrocytesBlood-brain-barrierInduction therapiesInnate immune cellsMultiple sclerosisNeurovascular unitSuppressive immune cells

More Related Videos

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice
08:05

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2017

9.6K
Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord
10:44

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord

Published on: February 22, 2015

10.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

12.7K
Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice
08:05

Bioluminescence and Near-infrared Imaging of Optic Neuritis and Brain Inflammation in the EAE Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Mice

Published on: March 1, 2017

9.6K
Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord
10:44

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord

Published on: February 22, 2015

10.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Inflammation biology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS).
  • MS presents in three forms: relapsing-remitting (RRMS), secondary progressive (SPMS), and primary progressive (PPMS), with inflammation present in all.
  • Inflammation resolution mechanisms are critical but understudied in MS, particularly in the relapsing-remitting form.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the active role of regulatory immune cells in inflammation resolution in MS.
  • To discuss the contribution of tissue and non-hematopoietic cells to inflammation resolution.
  • To explore the impact of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), especially induction therapies, on inflammation resolution in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on neuroimmunology and inflammation resolution.
  • Analysis of current understanding of immune cell roles in MS.
  • Examination of DMT mechanisms related to inflammation resolution.

Main Results:

  • Regulatory immune cells play an active role in resolving inflammation.
  • Tissue and non-hematopoietic cells also contribute significantly to inflammation resolution.
  • DMTs, particularly induction therapies, can leverage endogenous mechanisms to promote inflammation resolution in MS.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding inflammation resolution is key to developing effective MS treatments.
  • Targeting endogenous resolution pathways offers a promising therapeutic strategy for MS.
  • Further research into immune and non-immune cell contributions to resolution is warranted for MS management.