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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
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Clinical Examination Protocol to Detect Atypical and Classical Scrapie in Sheep
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[Scabies in old age].

Henning Hamm1, Johanna Stoevesandt2, Cord Sunderkötter3

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland. hamm_h@ukw.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
|November 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scabies, a mite infestation, increasingly affects older adults. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, especially for the contagious scabies crustosa subtype, to manage outbreaks in care facilities.

Keywords:
Ectoparasitic infestationsInfectious disease outbreaksIvermectinMitesPermethrin

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Geriatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Scabies is a common parasitic skin infection.
  • Prevalence of scabies appears to be rising in the elderly population.
  • Diagnosis in older adults is challenging due to atypical presentations and lack of itching.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and treatment of scabies in older patients.
  • To discuss strategies for managing scabies outbreaks, particularly in long-term care settings.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing scabies crustosa in vulnerable populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on scabies diagnosis and treatment.
  • Analysis of scabies presentation in older adults.
  • Review of outbreak management strategies in residential and nursing homes.

Main Results:

  • Atypical clinical manifestations and lack of pruritus complicate scabies diagnosis in the elderly.
  • Scabies crustosa, a severe form, is highly contagious and prevalent in immunosuppressed or disabled individuals.
  • Older patients and care facilities are at high risk for scabies outbreaks.

Conclusions:

  • Timely and accurate diagnosis of scabies in older adults is essential.
  • Effective treatment and outbreak management are critical to control scabies spread in geriatric populations.
  • Awareness of scabies crustosa is vital for preventing community-wide outbreaks.