Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

A Rodent Model of The Ross Operation: Syngeneic Pulmonary Artery Graft Implantation in A Systemic Position
11:20

A Rodent Model of The Ross Operation: Syngeneic Pulmonary Artery Graft Implantation in A Systemic Position

Published on: April 1, 2022

3.4K

Valve Replacement in Children with Single Ventricle Physiology

Noor Alshami1, Amber Leila Sarvestani1, Amanda S Thomas2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.

Pediatric Cardiology
|November 18, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Valve replacement for severe heart valve regurgitation in single ventricle physiology shows poor outcomes, particularly for atrioventricular valve replacement. Alternative strategies are recommended for these complex pediatric cardiac cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Cardiac Surgery

Background:

  • Severe atrioventricular valve (AVV) or semilunar valve (SLV) regurgitation in single ventricle physiology often necessitates valve replacement when repair fails.
  • Limited outcome data exists for pediatric patients undergoing these interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate transplant-free survival after atrioventricular valve replacement (AVVR) or semilunar valve replacement (SLVR) in children with single ventricle physiology.
  • To identify outcomes associated with these valve replacement procedures in a pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-institutional case series utilizing the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium (PCCC) registry.
  • Outcomes data linked with the National Death Index (NDI) and Organ Procurement Transplant Network (OPTN).
  • Analysis of 50 children with single ventricle physiology who underwent either AVVR (n=38) or SLVR (n=12).

Main Results:

  • In-hospital mortality was high: 42% for AVVR and 8% for SLVR.
  • Intraoperative deaths occurred exclusively in the AVVR group (8 deaths).
  • Post-discharge, 10 of 33 survivors faced death or cardiac transplant, predominantly among AVVR patients.

Conclusions:

  • Valve replacement, especially AVVR, in children with single ventricle physiology is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • These findings suggest that alternative palliative strategies should be explored for single ventricle patients with severe AVV or SLV regurgitation.

Keywords:
Atrioventricular valve replacementSemilunar valve replacementSingle ventricle palliationSingle ventricle physiology

More Related Videos

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model05:31

Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement from Autologous Pericardium with a Self-Expandable Nitinol Stent in an Adult Sheep Model

Published on: June 8, 2022

3.3K
A Simplified Model for Heterotopic Heart Valve Transplantation in Rodents06:33

A Simplified Model for Heterotopic Heart Valve Transplantation in Rodents

Published on: September 21, 2021

2.7K

Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
205
Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
10.6K
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
350
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
310
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
337
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
230