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Microvascular Dysfunction Is Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance: The Maastricht Study.

Sytze P Rensma1,2, Thomas T van Sloten1,2, Alfons J H M Houben1,2

  • 1From the CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases (S.P.R., T.T.v.S., A.J.H.M.H., A.A.K., N.S., R.M.A.H., M.T.S., C.D.A.S.), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Limburg, the Netherlands.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|November 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microvascular dysfunction is linked to poorer cognitive function, including memory and processing speed. This association persists even after accounting for numerous health factors, suggesting a significant impact on brain health.

Keywords:
blood pressurecerebral small vessel diseasecognitiondilationhyperemiahypertensionmicrocirculation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Microvascular dysfunction is a potential contributor to cognitive decline.
  • Previous research has been limited by a lack of comprehensive measures and adjustment for confounders.
  • Inconsistent findings highlight the need for robust investigation into this association.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between a wide range of microvascular dysfunction markers and cognitive performance.
  • To assess this association in a large, population-based cohort, the Maastricht Study.
  • To determine if the association remains significant after controlling for multiple potential confounders.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cross-sectional data from 3011 participants in the Maastricht Study.
  • Assessed microvascular dysfunction using MRI, plasma biomarkers, albuminuria, retinal vasodilation, and skin hyperemia.
  • Calculated a composite microvascular dysfunction score and cognitive function score (memory, processing speed, executive function).

Main Results:

  • A higher microvascular dysfunction score was significantly associated with lower cognitive function (standardized β = -0.087).
  • This association remained independent of age, education, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, and other factors.
  • Each standard deviation increase in the microvascular dysfunction score was equivalent to 2 years of cognitive aging.

Conclusions:

  • Microvascular dysfunction is demonstrably linked to worse cognitive performance, particularly in memory and processing speed.
  • The findings underscore the importance of vascular health for maintaining cognitive function.
  • This study provides strong evidence for microvascular dysfunction as a key factor in cognitive impairment.