Reprint of: Qualitative methods in implementation research: An introduction

Area of Science:

• Implementation Science
• Qualitative Research Methods
• Healthcare Management

Background:

• Qualitative methods are essential for understanding the complexities of implementation research.
• They address critical questions regarding the success or failure of implementing best practices.
• Qualitative research illuminates patient and provider experiences and decision-making processes in care delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an introduction to qualitative methods for novice implementation scientists.
• To detail the application of qualitative methods within implementation research.
• To illustrate the use of qualitative methods with a case example.

Main Methods:

• The article describes fundamental qualitative methods applicable to implementation science.
• It covers common qualitative approaches, sampling, and data collection procedures.
• Best practices for qualitative data analysis and ensuring research rigor are discussed.

Main Results:

• Qualitative methods can address complex implementation-related questions.
• Various qualitative techniques are suitable for implementation research.
• A case example demonstrates qualitative methods in a collaborative care model for women Veterans.

Conclusions:

• Qualitative methods are indispensable for in-depth implementation research.
• Understanding 'how' and 'why' implementation succeeds or fails is facilitated by qualitative approaches.
• These methods enhance the comprehension of patient and provider perspectives in healthcare.