The p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Facilitates TrkB Signaling and Function in Rat Hippocampal Neurons

Neurotrophins activate Trk receptor signaling to support neuronal survival and many aspects of neuronal function. Early studies demonstrated that TrkA formed a complex with the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75 ), which increased the affinity and selectivity of NGF binding, however, whether interaction of p75 with other Trk receptors performs a similar function to enhance ligand binding has not been demonstrated. We investigated the interaction of TrkB with full length p75 in hippocampal neurons in response to BDNF and found that the association of these receptors occurs after ligand binding and requires phosphorylation of TrkB, indicating that formation of this receptor complex was not necessary for ligand binding. Moreover, the interaction of these receptors required internalization and localization to early endosomes. We found that association of TrkB with p75 was necessary for optimal downstream signaling of the PI₃K-Akt pathway, but not the Erk pathway, in hippocampal neurons. The absence of p75 impaired the ability of BDNF to rescue hippocampal neurons in a trophic deprivation model, suggesting that p75 facilitates the ability of TrkB to activate specific pathways to promote neuronal survival.