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Association Between Food Patterns and Gray Matter Volume.

Keisuke Kokubun1, Yoshinori Yamakawa1,2,3,4

  • 1Office of Society-Academia Collaboration for Innovation, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|November 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Optimal nutrition impacts brain health. High intake of milk and yogurt correlated with higher gray matter volume (GMV), while alcohol and animal foods were linked to lower GMV in Japanese adults.

Keywords:
alcohol and animal foods dietary patternbrief self-administered diet history questionnairefood patternsmagnetic resonance imagingnormalized gray matter volumevegetable-animal balanced dietary pattern

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Science
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Diet and nutrition are crucial modifiable risk factors for chronic diseases and overall health.
  • Optimal food intake and physical activity are recognized as essential for maintaining gray matter volume (GMV).
  • Defining "optimal" dietary patterns for brain health remains a complex challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dietary patterns and normalized gray matter volume (nGMV) in healthy adults.
  • To identify specific food intakes that correlate with higher or lower nGMV.
  • To explore the utility of nGMV as an objective measure for diet-brain relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure normalized gray matter volume (nGMV).
  • Analyzed dietary habits using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ).
  • Correlated nGMV data with dietary patterns from 171 healthy Japanese participants.

Main Results:

  • Higher nGMV was observed in participants with high intake of milk and yogurt.
  • Lower nGMV was associated with a dietary pattern high in alcohol and animal foods.
  • A balanced vegetable-animal dietary pattern showed no significant association with nGMV.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary patterns significantly correlate with gray matter volume.
  • Milk and yogurt consumption may positively influence brain structure.
  • Reducing alcohol and animal food intake could be beneficial for maintaining GMV.