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Extracellular Vesicles-Connecting Kingdoms.

Eric Woith1, Gregor Fuhrmann2,3, Matthias F Melzig1

  • 1Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are ubiquitous cell particles with therapeutic potential. Exploring EVs from plants, bacteria, and fungi offers new avenues for drug delivery and disease prevention.

Keywords:
archaeacross-kingdom RNAieukaryotaextracellular vesiclesinterkingdom communicationprokaryota

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally released, non-replicating particles involved in intercellular communication.
  • Their ubiquity across life forms, from eukaryotes to prokaryotes, highlights their fundamental biological significance.
  • Current limitations in animal cell culture for EV production necessitate exploring alternative sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of EVs from eukaryotic and prokaryotic kingdoms.
  • To discuss the intercommunication roles of EVs across different species and kingdoms.
  • To explore the potential of non-animal EVs for fundamental research and therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on extracellular vesicles.
  • Analysis of EV biogenesis, function, and cargo across diverse biological kingdoms.
  • Discussion of inter-kingdom EV communication mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • EVs from plants, bacteria, and fungi present sustainable and potent alternatives for nanovector development and vaccine applications.
  • Inter-kingdom EV interactions are crucial in host-pathogen dynamics, resistance spread, and plant diseases.
  • Understanding these interactions can inform strategies for pest and pathogen management.

Conclusions:

  • Exploring diverse biological sources for EVs expands opportunities in fundamental biology and applied therapeutics.
  • Harnessing inter-kingdom EV communication offers novel approaches for disease prevention and treatment.
  • EVs represent a promising frontier in nanomedicine and biotechnology.