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Related Experiment Video

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An Operant Intra-/Extra-dimensional Set-shift Task for Mice
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Pro- and antisaccade task-switching: response suppression-and not vector inversion-contributes to a task-set inertia.

Benjamin Tari1, Matthew Heath2

  • 1School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.

Experimental Brain Research
|November 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Task switching executive function involves response suppression. This study found that response suppression, but not vector inversion, causes a switch cost for subsequent stimulus-driven prosaccades, highlighting its role in executive function.

Keywords:
Executive functionOculomotorResponse suppressionTask-switching

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Oculomotor Control
  • Executive Functions

Background:

  • Task switching is a crucial executive function for daily activities.
  • Oculomotor research shows a reaction time cost when switching from antisaccades to prosaccades, attributed to task-set inertia.
  • The specific contributions of response suppression and vector inversion to this switch cost remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether response suppression and/or vector inversion contribute to the prosaccade switch cost.
  • To determine if task-set inertia is selectively imparted by non-standard responses preceding standard responses.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Participants alternated between minimally delayed (MD) prosaccades and antisaccades (AABB paradigm) to assess vector inversion's role.
  • Experiment 2: Participants alternated between stimulus-driven (SD) prosaccades and MD antisaccades to examine selective switch costs.

Main Results:

  • Minimally delayed (MD) pro- and antisaccades showed no reaction time cost regardless of the preceding trial type, indicating vector inversion does not cause a switch cost.
  • Reaction times for stimulus-driven (SD) prosaccades were longer when preceded by an MD antisaccade.

Conclusions:

  • Response suppression creates task-set inertia, but only for subsequent stimulus-driven (SD) prosaccades.
  • This finding supports the view that response suppression is a key component of executive function.