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Preventing and Treating Heart Failure with Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors

Muthiah Vaduganathan1, James L Januzzi2

  • 1Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart & Vascular Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|November 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors effectively reduce heart failure events in type 2 diabetes patients. This therapy offers a new approach for preventing heart failure in at-risk individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Heart failure is a significant complication in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), increasing morbidity and mortality.
  • Limited therapeutic options previously existed to mitigate this excess risk.
  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors offer novel multisystem health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in reducing heart failure events in patients with T2DM.
  • To explore the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in preventing heart failure in at-risk populations.
  • To assess the potential of SGLT2 inhibitors in treating heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of three large cardiovascular outcomes trials involving patients with T2DM and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
  • Review of a trial demonstrating canagliflozin's effect on heart failure events in T2DM patients with albuminuric chronic kidney disease.

Main Results:

  • Consistent reductions in heart failure events observed across multiple trials with SGLT2 inhibitors.
  • Significant reduction in heart failure events shown by canagliflozin in T2DM patients with albuminuric chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors represent a crucial new therapeutic strategy for preventing heart failure in T2DM patients.
  • Ongoing research is investigating SGLT2 inhibitors for treating heart failure in broader patient populations, including those without T2DM.

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