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Updated: Jan 3, 2026
Optimization of Processing of Tiebangchui with Highland Barley Wine Based on the Box-Behnken Design Combined with the Entropy Method
Published on: May 19, 2023
Novel approach for extraction of grape skin antioxidants by accelerated solvent extraction: Box-Behnken design
Jing Li1, Shuting Zhang2, Minna Zhang1
11School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Grape skin can be considered as an excellent and inexpensive source of polyphenol antioxidant compounds. A high-efficiency accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method was developed for antioxidant polyphenols from grape skin. A three-factors three-level Box-Behnken design by response surface methodology was employed for optimization of extraction parameters in terms of total phenolic content, total anthocyanins content and antioxidant activity. The optimized condition was ethanol concentration of 48.80%, temperature of 50.79 °C and extraction time of 14.82 min. Under these conditions, the highest yields of polyphenol, the total phenolic content (15.24 mg GAE/g), total anthocyanins content (346.68 mg CGE/100 g) in grape skin, were obtained with significant antioxidant properties by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Moreover, the extracts from various grape skins by ASE, possessed ten main antioxidant polyphenols with the highest concentration of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and malvidin-3-O-glucoside. Compared with conventional solvent extraction, ASE extracted more amounts of polyphenols, exhibited more extraction level with shorter time and higher reproducibility.
