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Hematological Malignancies and Arterial Thromboembolism
Nathan Visweshwar1, Michael Jaglal2, Lubomir Sokol2
11Division of Hematology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.
Summary
Arterial thromboembolism is a growing concern in hematological malignancies, despite a lack of specific guidelines. This review examines its causes, frequency, and symptoms in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) guidelines exist for hematological malignancies, but arterial thromboembolism (ATE) lacks specific protocols.
- ATE and VTE share common risk factors, including altered coagulation and impaired fibrinolysis.
- Improved survival in hematological malignancies increases risk due to comorbidities and novel therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on arterial thromboembolism in hematological malignancies.
- To highlight the pathogenesis, incidence, and clinical features of ATE in this patient population.
- To address the increasing morbidity of ATE associated with new treatment modalities.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search for studies on arterial thromboembolism in hematological malignancies.
- Analysis of existing data on risk factors, incidence, and clinical presentation.
- Review of the impact of immunomodulatory and targeted therapies on ATE risk.
Main Results:
- Arterial thromboembolism is an increasing cause of morbidity in hematological malignancies.
- Altered procoagulant factors and defective fibrinolysis contribute to both arterial and venous events.
- Comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension exacerbate ATE risk in patients with improved survival.
Conclusions:
- There is a critical need for guidelines on ATE prevention and treatment in hematological malignancies.
- Understanding the pathogenesis and clinical features of ATE is crucial for improved patient outcomes.
- Further research is warranted to develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for ATE.
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