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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Bonding in Metals02:32

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
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Ligand Mediated Metal Cations Exchanges within Metallo-Dynameric Solid Films.

Yan Zhang1, Mihail Barboiu2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi 214122.

Chemistryopen
|November 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New metallo-dynameric solid films with tunable color and mechanical properties were created. Metal cations can be reversibly removed and added, enabling dynamic material properties and interface modifications.

Keywords:
adaptive chemistrydynamersmembranesmetal cations exchanges

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Dynameric materials offer responsive properties through reversible bond formation.
  • Metallo-supramolecular chemistry enables the construction of complex architectures using metal-ligand coordination.
  • Cross-linked polymer networks can exhibit enhanced mechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel metallo-dynameric solid films.
  • To investigate the influence of metal cations on film properties, including color and mechanical strength.
  • To explore the dynamic exchange of metal cations within the solid films.

Main Methods:

  • Formation of dynameric solid films via imine-bond connections between bis(pyridine-2,6-diimine) cores and diaminoPEG connectors.
  • Coordination with various metal cations to form cross-linked metallo-dynameric networks.
  • Utilizing tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN) as a complexing agent for metal cation removal and exchange.
  • Analysis of color and mechanical property modulation upon metal cation manipulation.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated dynameric solid films with tunable color and mechanical properties through metal cation coordination.
  • Observed formation of interlocked and interweaved structures in the presence of metal cations, leading to improved mechanical properties.
  • Demonstrated reversible removal and insertion of metal cations using TREN, resulting in ligand-modulated dynamic release.
  • Achieved color transfer and changes in mechanical strength at the interfaces between different solid films.

Conclusions:

  • Metallo-dynameric films offer a versatile platform for creating materials with tunable and dynamic properties.
  • The choice of metal cation significantly impacts the color and mechanical characteristics of the films.
  • Reversible metal cation exchange provides a mechanism for on-demand material modification and interface engineering.