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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

The Use of Trace Eyeblink Classical Conditioning to Assess Hippocampal Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Published on: August 5, 2017

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Alters Error Detection During Simple Arithmetic Processing: An Electroencephalography

Mattan S Ben-Shachar¹, Michael Shmueli¹, Sandra W Jacobson^2,3,4

¹Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences and Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.

Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research

|November 20, 2019

Summary

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) alters brain activity during arithmetic error detection in adolescents. Impaired theta-band responses correlate with the severity of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), aiding diagnosis.

Keywords:

Electroencephalography Error Detection Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Numerical Processing Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is strongly linked to deficits in arithmetic abilities.
Error detection in mathematical tasks, often studied via electroencephalography (EEG), reveals characteristic theta-band activity.
This study investigates theta-band activity during error detection in adolescents with PAE.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess error detection-related theta-band activity in adolescents with PAE compared to typically developing (TD) controls.
To determine if the magnitude of theta bursts and response to error discrepancy size differ between groups.
To explore the relationship between PAE severity and neurocognitive responses during arithmetic tasks.

Main Methods:

Mothers of participants were interviewed about alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
Adolescents were diagnosed for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or partial FAS (PFAS).
EEG data were collected during a mathematical verification task involving correct and incorrect equations with varying error sizes.

Main Results:

Adolescents with PAE exhibited lower accuracy in the arithmetic task compared to TD controls, with accuracy inversely related to diagnostic severity.
While TD and heavily exposed (HE) groups showed distinct theta activity for correct vs. incorrect equations, FAS/PFAS groups did not.
Brain response severity mirrored diagnostic severity: HE groups differentiated correct/incorrect but not error sizes, PFAS responded only to large errors, and FAS showed no significant theta response.

Conclusions:

Altered arithmetical error-related theta activity is a biomarker for PAE.
Theta-band activity patterns can differentiate between exposed and non-exposed individuals and within diagnostic groups.
Neurocognitive profiles based on numerical processing can aid in diagnosing and treating fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs).