Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Analysis of human visual experience data.

Journal of vision·2026

Same author

Time of Day Effects of Contact Lens-Induced Full-Field and Peripheral-Field Defocus on Choroidal Thickness: A Pilot Study in Adults.

Eye & contact lens·2026

Same author

Retinal Safety of a Red Light Myopia Therapy Device-Reply.

JAMA ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Electroretinographic evaluation of single vision contact lenses with non-refractive opaque features.

Clinical & experimental optometry·2026

Same author

Relationship between form-deprivation myopia and amblyopic deficit.

Vision research·2026

Same author

Ocular Transmission of Red and Violet Light: Insights into Light-Based Myopia Therapies.

Translational vision science & technology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia

Published on: January 22, 2019

Optical mechanisms regulating emmetropisation and refractive errors: evidence from animal models.

Ranjay Chakraborty¹, Lisa A Ostrin², Alexandra Benavente-Perez³

¹College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Optometry and Vision Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry

|November 20, 2019

Summary

Animal models reveal optical mechanisms guiding eye growth and myopia development. Findings inform human studies on visual feedback, defocus, and light properties for treating myopia progression.

Keywords:

accommodation emmetropisation form-deprivation longitudinal chromatic aberration myopia peripheral defocus

More Related Videos

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: July 24, 2020

Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Optokinetic Response As Structural and Functional Visual System Readouts in Mice and Rats

Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Optokinetic Response As Structural and Functional Visual System Readouts in Mice and Rats

Published on: January 10, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia

Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia

Published on: January 22, 2019

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: July 24, 2020

Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Optokinetic Response As Structural and Functional Visual System Readouts in Mice and Rats

Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Optokinetic Response As Structural and Functional Visual System Readouts in Mice and Rats

Published on: January 10, 2019

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Developmental Biology
Animal Models

Background:

Decades of research in animal models (chicks, primates, rodents) have shaped our understanding of emmetropization and myopia.
Animal studies demonstrate that eye growth is locally controlled and influenced by the visual environment.

Purpose of the Study:

To review optical mechanisms guiding eye growth derived from animal studies.
To highlight how these animal investigations have informed human myopia research and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on animal models of refractive error development.
Analysis of optical, biochemical, and environmental factors influencing eye growth in animals.

Main Results:

Emmetropization is guided by visual feedback, manipulable via form deprivation and lens-induced defocus in animal models.
Accommodation, higher-order aberrations, peripheral defocus, and light properties (spectral, temporal) impact eye growth.

Conclusions:

Animal models provide crucial insights into human eye growth and refractive error development.
Understanding these optical mechanisms, particularly light's role, offers potential for novel myopia control strategies in children.