Dental changes in children with congenital Zika syndrome
Teresa Paula de Lima Gusmão1, Andreza Barkokebas Santos de Faria1, Jair Carneiro Leão Filho1
1Oral Medicine Unit, Departamento de Clinica e Odontologia Preventiva, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Objective:
To describe oral alterations in children with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS).
Methods:
This was a case series, whose research instrument was a structured questionnaire, associated with the use of medical record data and extra and intraoral clinical examination.
Results:
Thirty-two children were evaluated, the majority male (18/32%-56.3%), mean age 22 months (SD = 2.71). It was also observed that the majority of the patients (19/32%-59.4%) presented a low family income. All the children had a mean head circumference of 29.43 cm (SD = 1.42). Regarding the alterations, an ogival-shaped palate was observed in 14 children (43.7%), and delayed chronology of eruption was observed in 15 children (46.9%), of whom 7 children (21.9%) did not present eruption of the upper left lateral incisor (p = .0002) and upper right lateral incisor (p = .002) until the moment of analysis. Additionally, 03 children with yellowish dental pigmentation were identified in erupted teeth after the onset of phenobarbital use. Enamel hypoplasia was identified in 9 children (28.1%) and only one child with ankyloglossia.
Conclusion:
CZS may present delayed chronology of eruption, ankyloglossia, ogival-shaped palate, and enamel hypoplasia, requiring dental follow-up aimed at prevention, promotion, and rehabilitation of the health of these children.
