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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Optic disc drusen in children: morphologic features using EDI-OCT.

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Optic disc drusen (ODD) in children are linked to reduced retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, unlike peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS). Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) differentiated these findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Optic disc drusen (ODD) are abnormal deposits within the optic nerve head.
  • Peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS) are also observed in the optic nerve head region.
  • The distinct morphology and clinical significance of ODD and PHOMS, especially in pediatric populations, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the morphologic features of ODD and PHOMS in children using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).
  • To assess the association between the presence of ODD and PHOMS and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study analyzing 38 eyes from 20 children diagnosed with ODD.
  • Morphological characterization of ODD and PHOMS using EDI-OCT.
  • Statistical analysis (chi-squared test) to determine associations between ODD/PHOMS and RNFL thickness.

Main Results:

  • PHOMS were present in 90% of the pediatric patients studied.
  • ODD were significantly associated with decreased RNFL thickness in the nasal, superonasal, and inferotemporal sectors (p<0.05).
  • No significant association was found between the presence of PHOMS and RNFL thickness.

Conclusions:

  • EDI-OCT effectively differentiates the morphology of ODD and PHOMS in children.
  • ODD, characterized as hyporeflective structures anterior to the lamina cribrosa, are linked to RNFL thinning.
  • PHOMS, appearing as hyperreflective structures around the optic nerve head, do not show an association with RNFL loss in this pediatric cohort.