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Prevalence of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction in China: the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015
Guang Hao1, Xin Wang2, Zuo Chen2
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Insights
Heart failure (HF) is increasingly prevalent in China, affecting 1.3% of adults. Left ventricular dysfunction is common, yet hypertension management in HF patients remains low.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) poses a significant global health challenge.
- Nationwide epidemiological data on HF in China post-2000 is lacking.
- Understanding HF prevalence and management is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and HF in China.
- To assess HF prevalence across different ejection fraction categories (reduced, mid-range, preserved).
- To investigate hypertension treatment and control among HF patients in China.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the China Hypertension Survey (CHS) with 22,158 participants.
- Assessed HF history and cardiovascular diseases via self-report.
- Employed two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography for LV dysfunction evaluation.
Main Results:
- Overall HF prevalence was 1.3% (estimated 13.7 million adults ≥35 years).
- LV systolic dysfunction affected 1.4%, and moderate/severe LV diastolic dysfunction affected 2.7%.
- Among hypertensive HF patients, 57.7% received antihypertensive medication, with only 14.5% achieving blood pressure <140/90 mmHg.
Conclusions:
- HF prevalence has increased in China, with widespread LV dysfunction.
- Hypertension treatment and control rates in HF patients are notably low.
- Urgent interventions are needed to improve HF and hypertension management in China.
Background:
Heart failure (HF) is a major health burden worldwide. However, there is no nationwide epidemiological data on HF in China after 2000. The aims of this study are (i) to determine the prevalence of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and HF (with reduced, mid-range, and preserved ejection fraction) in a nationally representative Chinese population, and (ii) to investigate the treatment and control of hypertension in HF patients.
Methods And Results:
Data from the China Hypertension Survey (CHS) and 22 158 participants were eligible for analysis in this study. For each participant, a self-reported history of HF and any other cardiovascular diseases was acquired. Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography was used to assess LV dysfunction. Overall, 1.3% (estimated 13.7 million) of the Chinese adult population aged ≥35 years had HF, 1.4% of participants had LV systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction <50%), and 2.7% were graded as having 'moderate' or 'severe' LV diastolic dysfunction. The weighted prevalence of HF was similar between urban and rural residents (1.6% vs. 1.1%, P = 0.266), and between men and women (1.4% vs. 1.2%, P = 0.632). In addition, among HF patients with hypertension, 57.7% received antihypertensive medication, and 14.5% had their blood pressure controlled <140/90 mmHg.
Conclusions:
In summary, there was an increase in the prevalence of HF, and LV dysfunction was very common in China. However, treatment and control of hypertension in participants with HF were low.
Clinical Trial Registration Number:
ChiCTR-ECS-14004641.
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