Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

2.0K
The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
2.0K
Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

1.3K
Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
1.3K
Muscles of the Abdomen01:21

Muscles of the Abdomen

3.2K
The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
Anterolateral Region
The anterolateral region comprises five paired muscles classified into the lateral and...
3.2K
Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

18.1K
In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
18.1K
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.3K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.3K
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum

4.0K
The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
Perineal Layer
The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm, divided into an anterior urogenital triangle that contains the external genitals and a posterior anal triangle housing the anus. The urogenital...
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Letter to the editor: A comparison in maternal and neonatal outcomes between mild fundal pressure and vacuum extraction for shortening the second stage of labor-Reconsidering the use of the term "mild fundal pressure" in obstetric practice.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics·2026
Same author

Feasibility and reproducibility of a novel introital exo-anal ultrasound approach for assessment of the external anal sphincter.

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica·2026
Same author

Measuring the evolutionary compromise: pelvic floor function and labor outcome.

American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM·2026
Same author

Breech Presentation: Delivery Management and Future Perspectives.

Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)·2026
Same author

Role of Lifestyle and Nutrition in Menstrual Cycle Regularity: Associations with Body Composition and Dietary Habits.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Effect of alpha-lipoic acid and myoinositol on endometrial inflammation in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.

Archives of gynecology and obstetrics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

10.3K

Longitudinal Changes of Subpubic Arch Angle throughout Pregnancy.

Federica Martelli1, Aly Youssef2, Maria Vittoria Capogna3

  • 1Academic Department of Biomedicine and Prevention and Clinical Department of Surgery, Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy, martelli.federica@gmail.com.

Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
|November 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The subpubic arch angle (SPA) in pregnant women slightly increases throughout pregnancy. However, this small change is unlikely to have clinical significance.

Keywords:
OmniView-volume contrast imagingFemale pelvisLongitudinal changesSubpubic arch angleThree-dimensional ultrasound

More Related Videos

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

20.6K
Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis
07:44

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis

Published on: March 23, 2019

18.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 3, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

10.3K
Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
03:49

Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

Published on: September 20, 2018

20.6K
Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis
07:44

Evaluation of Patients' Posture and Gait Profile After Lumbar Fusion Surgery by Video Rasterstereography and Treadmill Gait Analysis

Published on: March 23, 2019

18.8K

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The subpubic arch angle (SPA) is a key anatomical measurement in obstetrics.
  • Understanding pelvic dimension changes during pregnancy is crucial for assessing childbirth outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if the subpubic arch angle (SPA) changes during the course of pregnancy.
  • To quantify the degree of SPA alteration from the first to the third trimester.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound with OmniView-volume contrast imaging for reproducible SPA measurements.
  • Recruited nulliparous women and assessed SPA across all three trimesters of pregnancy.
  • Employed repeated measures analysis of variance to analyze SPA variations throughout gestation.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant progressive increase in SPA was observed from the first to the third trimester.
  • SPA increased from 121.8° in the first trimester to 125.3° in the third trimester.
  • The observed SPA changes were minimal, despite statistical significance.

Conclusions:

  • The subpubic arch angle (SPA) demonstrates a slight but progressive increase during pregnancy.
  • The detected increase in SPA during pregnancy is unlikely to be clinically significant.
  • This study provides quantitative data on SPA changes, contributing to anatomical understanding in obstetrics.