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Semiautomated Longitudinal Microcomputed Tomography-based Quantitative Structural Analysis of a Nude Rat Osteoporosis-related Vertebral Fracture Model

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The NATO project: nanoparticle-based countermeasures for microgravity-induced osteoporosis.

F Cristofaro^1,2, G Pani³, B Pascucci⁴

¹Molecular Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100, Pavia, Italy.

Scientific Reports

|November 22, 2019

Summary

Strontium hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nSr-HAP) show promise for treating osteoporosis by enhancing bone regeneration. This study investigated nSr-HAP

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Area of Science:

Nanomedicine
Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials

Background:

Space microgravity induces secondary osteoporosis, posing a challenge for astronaut health.
Nanotechnology offers potential solutions for medical applications in space and on Earth.
The Nanoparticles and Osteoporosis (NATO) project developed calcium- and strontium-containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nCa-HAP, nSr-HAP).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of nCa-HAP and nSr-HAP on bone remodeling.
To assess nanoparticle efficacy under normal gravity (1g), simulated microgravity (Random Positioning Machine - RPM), and actual space conditions (International Space Station - ISS).
To evaluate the potential of nSr-HAP as a countermeasure for microgravity-induced bone loss.

Main Methods:

Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) were treated with nCa-HAP and nSr-HAP.
Cell differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, bone marker gene expression, and hydroxyapatite crystal deposition were analyzed.
Experiments were conducted under 1g, RPM, and ISS conditions.

Main Results:

nSr-HAP significantly accelerated osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix deposition under 1g conditions.
nSr-HAP protected against microgravity-induced reduction in ALP activity (RPM).
nSr-HAP promoted hydroxyapatite crystal deposition in both ISS and 1g environments.

Conclusions:

Exogenous nSr-HAP can deliver strontium to bone tissue, promoting regeneration.
nSr-HAP shows potential as a component in synthetic bone substitutes.
nSr-HAP could be an additive for pharmaceutical or food supplements for systemic bone health benefits.