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Photobiomodulation in Oral Surgery: A Review.

Sepanta Hosseinpour1, Jan Tunér2, Reza Fekrazad3,4

  • 1School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery
|November 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) effectively reduces pain, swelling, and trismus after oral surgery. This review identifies optimal laser parameters for enhanced patient recovery and guides future research in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Keywords:
low-level laser therapyoral and maxillofacial surgeryoral surgeryphotobiomodulation

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Photomedicine

Background:

  • Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) shows promise for postoperative oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) conditions.
  • Existing research indicates PBMT's efficacy in pain relief, mastication improvement, neurosensory recovery, and wound healing.
  • A need exists to define optimal therapeutic irradiation parameters for PBMT in OMFS based on current evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize data on photobiomodulation applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
  • To identify optimal therapeutic irradiation windows for PBMT in OMFS.
  • To guide future research and clinical applications of PBMT in OMFS.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar) until December 2018.
  • Forty-six clinical trials investigating PBMT for oral surgery were included and categorized by application type.
  • Data on laser parameters (wavelength, power, energy density) and outcomes were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Optimal parameters for pain reduction post-tooth extraction: wavelength 650-980 nm, power 4-300 mW, energy density 3-85.7 J/cm².
  • Effective parameters for reducing facial swelling: wavelength 660-910 nm, power 4-500 mW, energy density 2-480 J/cm².
  • Parameters for alleviating trismus post-tooth extraction: wavelength 660-910 nm, power 4-500 mW, energy density 4-106 J/cm².

Conclusions:

  • PBMT demonstrates effectiveness in reducing pain, swelling, and trismus following third molar extraction.
  • PBMT aids in neurosensory and nerve recovery after mandibular ramus osteotomy.
  • Heterogeneity in laser parameter standardization necessitates caution; however, evidence-based protocols can benefit future research and clinical practice in OMFS.